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# The Right of Suffrage of SHOSICs (Noncitizens) in the United States (pp. 17-20)

## Details

**Authors** Castellanos Canales A

**Year** 2020

**Publisher** JSD Dissertation, Cornell University

**Kind of work** thesis

**Discipline** Law & Jurisprudence

**Secondary disciplines** Public Policy

**Reading level** technical

**Kind of engagement** scholarly

[Read it at the publisher](https://doi.org/10.7298/4zq0-ep75) 
10.7298/4zq0-ep75

## In authors' words

### Abstract

Shosics―commonly known as noncitizens―cannot vote in virtually any election of the United States. Outrightly preventing them from participating in all electoral jurisdictions, on account of their citizenship, is unreasonable. As long as Shosics can demonstrate sufficient connections and roots to their place of residence, they should be allowed to participate in specific elections. This theory, called The Sufficient Connection Theory, provides a novel understanding of the demos in a democracy. The right of suffrage is a twofold fundamental right. It is a fundamental right per se enshrined in various laws and international treaties, and it is also fundamental because it is a manifestation of the right of freedom of expression. States are only allowed to hinder the right of suffrage of Shosics as long as they can prove a narrowly tailored compelling state interest. The state's arguments to disenfranchise Shosics must be specifically crafted to suit the federal, state, county, city, town, village, or district elections. Each jurisdiction must give its own reasonable, proportional, and necessary justification. Shosics are neither explicitly nor implicitly disenfranchised in almost any state constitution of the United States. Except in Arizona and North Dakota, where the right of suffrage is an exclusive prerogative of American citizens, Shosics should be allowed to vote in all state, county, city, town, village, and district elections in the remaining forty-eight states.

### What they set out to do (purpose)

An excerpt from a Cornell JSD dissertation arguing, via the Sufficient Connection Theory, that noncitizens ("Shosics") with sufficient roots in their place of residence should vote in specific elections.

### What they found (results)

Suffrage is a twofold fundamental right that states may hinder only for a narrowly tailored compelling interest; outside Arizona and North Dakota, Shosics should be allowed to vote in state and local elections in the remaining forty-eight states.

## Commentary

### In short

Article in JSD Dissertation, Cornell University.

### Response

A Cornell JSD dissertation that uses DSRP as part of its analysis, arguing through the Sufficient Connection Theory that noncitizens with sufficient roots in their place of residence should vote in state and local elections. An application of the four patterns in legal scholarship, which is the only record of its kind in the corpus.

**Patterns it shows** D, S, R

**How to cite this** Castellanos Canales A (2020). The Right of Suffrage of SHOSICs (Noncitizens) in the United States (pp. 17-20). JSD Dissertation, Cornell University.