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# Two-stage AHP–AHP optimization of forage turnip–pea mixtures based on LER, yield and quality

## Details

**Authors** Yıldırım et al.

**Year** 2026

**Publisher** Scientific Reports

**Discipline** Agriculture & Food

**Secondary disciplines** Operations Research

[Read it at the publisher](https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-66017-y) 
10.1038/s41598-026-66017-y

## In authors' words

### What they found (results)

A 50:50 turnip–pea intercrop produced higher combined hay and protein yield (8.28 t/ha hay, 1.78 t/ha protein) than either crop grown alone, with a land-equivalent ratio above 1.0, meaning the combined system used land more efficiently than growing the species separately.

## Commentary

### In short

The turnip-pea intercrop is treated as a whole system whose combined yield is compared against its parts grown apart, with the interspecies relationship between the two crops driving the emergent gain.

**Patterns it shows** S, R

**Added** 2026-09-11

**How to cite this** Yıldırım et al. (2026). Two-stage AHP–AHP optimization of forage turnip–pea mixtures based on LER, yield and quality. Scientific Reports.